The Baptism of our Lord
Prayer of the Day
Father in heaven, at the baptism of Jesus in the River
Jordan you proclaimed him your beloved Son and anointed him with the
Holy Spirit. Make all who are baptized into Christ faithful in their
calling to be your children and inheritors with him of everlasting
life; through your Son, Jesus Christ our Lord, who lives and reigns
with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and forever.
Isaiah 43:1-7
{1} But now thus says the LORD, he who created you,
O Jacob, he who formed you, O Israel: Do not fear, for I have redeemed
you; I have called you by name, you are mine. {2} When you pass
through the waters, I will be with you; and through the rivers, they
shall not overwhelm you; when you walk through fire you shall not be
burned, and the flame shall not consume you. {3} For I am the
LORD your God, the Holy One of Israel, your Savior. I give Egypt as
your ransom, Ethiopia and Seba in exchange for you. {4} Because
you are precious in my sight, and honored, and I love you, I give
people in return for you, nations in exchange for your life. {5}
Do not fear, for I am with you; I will bring your offspring from
the east, and from the west I will gather you; {6} I will say
to the north, "Give them up," and to the south, "Do not withhold;
bring my sons from far away and my daughters from the end of the
earth-- {7} everyone who is called by my name, whom I created
for my glory, whom I formed and made."
1. the Lord …who created you…he who formed you:
"Yahweh is the creator and maker of Israel by his saving acts in the
Exodus and by his covenant."
2. when you pass through the waters: An allusion to the passage
through the sea during the Exodus.
when you walk through the fire you will not be burned: See
Isaiah 42:25: "the LORD….poured upon him the heat of his anger and the
fury of war; it set him on fire all around, but he did not understand;
it burned him, but he did not take it to heart." Isaiah has used the
same image to indicate Yahweh’s great anger and his redemptive love.
5-6. from the east, and from the west…the north…the south…far
away…the end of the earth: The people of Israel will return from
"the end of the earth" (verse 6), from the exile and the diaspora.
7. whom I created for my glory: Israel’s purpose for existing
is to manifest the glory of Yahweh. This is the purpose for all of
God’s creative activity, and that is the reason for both God’s anger
at Israel’s disobedience, and his great love which restores and
redeems his people.
Comment: The structure of
the passage is chiastic or "arch-like."
"A Yahweh, Israel’s creator and shaper (1a-c)
B I called you by name
(1e)
C Fear not (1d)
D Nations given in exchange for you (3c-d)
Keystone Because you are precious and he loves you (4:a-b)
D’ People given in exchange for your life (4c-d)
C’ Fear not (5)
B’ Everyone called by
name (7a)
A’ I created and shaped him (7b-c)"
Psalm 29
{1} Ascribe to the LORD, O heavenly beings, ascribe to the
LORD glory and strength. {2} Ascribe to the LORD the glory of
his name; worship the LORD in holy splendor. {3} The voice of
the LORD is over the waters; the God of glory thunders, the LORD, over
mighty waters. {4} The voice of the LORD is powerful; the voice
of the LORD is full of majesty. {5} The voice of the LORD
breaks the cedars; the LORD breaks the cedars of Lebanon. {6}
He makes Lebanon skip like a calf, and Sirion like a young wild ox.
{7} The voice of the LORD flashes forth flames of fire. {8}
The voice of the LORD shakes the wilderness; the LORD shakes the
wilderness of Kadesh. {9} The voice of the LORD causes the oaks
to whirl, and strips the forest bare; and in his temple all say,
"Glory!" {10} The LORD sits enthroned over the flood; the LORD
sits enthroned as king forever. {11} May the LORD give strength
to his people! May the LORD bless his people with peace!
1. heavenly beings: In Hebrew,
bene elim, "sons of God." In other near eastern religions these
would have been subordinate gods who were literally descendants of the
supreme god. In Israel, "sons of God" is a metaphor for those beings
created by Yahweh who had the authority to act in his name. The
Davidic king, likewise, had such a designation and such authority on
earth (Psalm 2:7).
2. the glory of his name: Yahweh’s name is his identity, and by
glorifying his name, Yahweh, himself, is glorified.
3-5. the voice of the Lord: The voice is "thunder, the booming
word of power." This image is used for Yahweh’s voice in other
theophanies as well (Exodus 19:19).
6-9: The image is of a raging thunder storm, with lightning and
wind and thunder that shakes the earth. In such a storm one could see
the power of the formless, dark, watery void that preceded creation,
over which a strong wind blew.
temple: The Hebrew word, hekhal, means both temple and
palace, as well as the Holy Place in the Jerusalem Temple. "Since a
temple is often considered a god’s dwelling place, the distinction
between palace and temple is only minor. In the OT, the hekhal
in the sense of ‘temple’ refers to the temple of Yahweh…. Several
temples are referred to as the temple of Yahweh: the temple at Shiloh
(1 S. 1:9; 3:3), the temple of Solomon (2 K. 18:16; 23:4; 24:13; Jer.
7:4; 24:1), and the temple of Zerubbabel (Ezr. 3:10; Hab. 2:18).
6. skip: The mountains of Lebanon shake with the power of
Yahweh’s voice. "Lebanon and Sirion ‘skip,’ they tremble at the roar
and rumble of the voice of thunder.
Sirion: Deuteronomy 3:9: "the Sidonians call Hermon Sirion."
a young wild ox: The Hebrew is reemim. It
indicates a "wild ox," the extinct aurochs, which stood six and
a half feet at the shoulder. Yahweh’s voice has the power and the
potential danger of a rambunctious six-foot wild ox
7-8: Lightning, thunder and wind are physical metaphors for
Yahweh’s voice.
10. The Lord sits enthroned over the flood: The "flood" is a
metaphor for the waters of the pre-creation dis-order, the chaos which
constantly threatens the creation. Yahweh is enthroned over it, and
keeps it under control.
11: The final verse prays for Yahweh’s gift of strength and
peace, "the fullness of his power as the God of Heaven" to his people.
Comment: "…from the very
beginning we will have to consider the probability that a Canaanite
Baal hymn with its description of a theophany was handed down without
radical revision on the part of the OT tradents in Israel…." "The
recognition that this psalm is a Yahwistic adaptation of an older
Canaanite hymn to the storm-god Baal is due to H. L. Ginsberg, "A
Phoenician Hymn in the Psalter," in Atti del XIX Congresso
Internazionale degli Orientalisti (Roman 1935), pp. 472-76.
Ginsberg’s observations of thirty years ago have been corroborated by
the subsequent discovery of tablets at Ras Shamra and by progress in
the interpretation of these texts. Virtually every word in the psalm
can now be duplicated in older Canaanite texts." The Psalm is a poetic
meditation on the "voice of Yahweh," its power and physical effects.
Acts 8:14-17
{14] Now when the apostles at Jerusalem heard that
Samaria had accepted the word of God, they sent Peter and John to
them. {15} The two went down and prayed for them that they
might receive the Holy Spirit {16} (for as yet the Spirit had
not come upon any of them; they had only been baptized in the name of
the Lord Jesus). {17} Then Peter and John laid their hands on
them, and they received the Holy Spirit.
16. as yet the Spirit had not come upon
any of them: Acts is concerned with the Spirit’s in-breathing of
those who have been baptized in fulfillment of the Baptist’s prophecy
of one who "will baptize with the spirit and fire." The Spirit is
associated with baptism (2:38), sometimes before (Acts 10:44) as in
the case of Cornelius, sometimes after baptism (Acts 19:6) as in the
case of the disciples from Ephesus. Only rarely does the Holy Spirit
come apart from baptism (Acts 9:17) as in the case of Saul/Paul.
17. laid their hands on them…they received the Holy Spirit: The
laying on of hands is a common means of transmitting the gift of the
Holy Spirit from one person to another.
Comment: The choice of this
passage for this Sunday is determined by reference to baptism in the
name of the Lord Jesus, which is the necessary precondition for the
gift of the Holy Spirit.
Luke 3:15-17, 21-22
{15} As the people were filled with expectation, and
all were questioning in their hearts concerning John, whether he might
be the Messiah, {16} John answered all of them by saying, "I
baptize you with water; but one who is more powerful than I is coming;
I am not worthy to untie the thong of his sandals. He will baptize you
with the Holy Spirit and fire. {17} His winnowing fork is in
his hand, to clear his threshing floor and to gather the wheat into
his granary; but the chaff he will burn with unquenchable fire."….
{21} Now when all the people were baptized, and when Jesus also
had been baptized and was praying, the heaven was opened, {22}
and the Holy Spirit descended upon him in bodily form like a dove. And
a voice came from heaven, "You are my Son, the Beloved; with you I am
well pleased."
16: He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and
fire: Fire is used frequently in the Old Testament to indicate
purification from sin (Isaiah 1:25; 4;4; Zechariah 13:9; Malachi
3:2-3; 1 Corinthians 3:13. John draws a distinction between his
baptism with water as a sign of repentance and the baptism of the one
who is coming, which will fill the baptized with the Holy Spirit.
[18-20 John’s arrest by Herod is omitted. In Luke’s view John
is already passing from the scene. His purpose has been to announce
the arrival of the "one who is coming," and with the baptism of Jesus
he has fulfilled his purpose. John is still alive in Luke 7:20 and
sends two of his disciples to inquire about who Jesus is.]
21-22. when Jesus also had been baptized…the Holy Sprit descended
upon him: The presence of the Holy Spirit with Jesus is
acknowledged as a feature of his baptism.
in bodily form like a dove: The descent of the Spirit has a
physical component that was expressed as a "form like a dove."
a voice came from heaven: In the inter-testamental period the
immanence of Yahweh was expressed as the bath qol, the daughter
of the voice, the small voice heard by the faithful.
You are my Son…: In this verse all three manifestations of God
appear: Jesus, Holy Spirit, the Father. "Designating Jesus as ‘Son of
God’ is an honor declaration of the highest sort…. …if his true status
is Son of God, his public statements and actions are fully
legitimated…. Here many are present to witness the event."
Reflection
The Prayer of the Day tells us that at the
Baptism of our Lord God the Father "proclaimed [Jesus] your beloved
Son and anointed him with the Holy Spirit." And we pray that God will
make all who are baptized into Christ "faithful in their calling to be
your children and inheritors with him of everlasting life." The
responsibility of a child is to act in such a way as to bring honor to
the Father, and as heir, to use the inheritance to further the
Father’s purposes.
Water and fire, are metaphors for God’s blessing
and empowering of his people, beginning with Jesus, and through him
and his apostles to the whole church. That blessing is not for the
sake of the one who is blessed, but to manifest the glory of God. When
Israel sought to exalt herself because of Yahweh’s blessing she was
seen to be rebellious and disobedient, and was punished by humiliation
and exile. She was restored because of the love of Yahweh for his
purposes.
Hymns
With One Voice (e.g. 762v), Hymnal Supplement
1991 (e.g. 725s) and LBW (e.g. 32).
E=Entrance; D=Hymn of the Day; I=First Lesson, P=Psalm;
II=Second Lesson; G=Gospel
777s --E--God Is Here! (719v)
85 --D--When Christ's
731v --I--Precious Lord (824s) |
750 --II--O Holy Spirit,
647v --G--When Jesus Came
90, 373, 36, 191, 188, 79, 486 |
Prayers of the People
P or A: We lift our praises and concerns to God who, in
spite of his majesty and power, has adopted us into his family and
called us by name. Together we pray "Lord, in your mercy" and respond,
"Hear our prayer."
A: That the church may respond to its call to be a sanctuary for the
world, providing hope, guidance, and refuge for the lost. Lord, in
your mercy. Hear...
A: That you, O God, might inspire the world's peoples to work for the
protection of creation, abandoning wasteful lifestyles and acting
instead as faithful stewards of the earth and all its creatures. Lord,
in your mercy. Hear...
A: That those in need--the abused, the neglected, and the poor--may
receive protection from us who have been called by name to be lights
of hope in the darkness of the world. Lord, in your mercy. Hear...
A: That the sick and the dying may find peace in your comfort and
protection. We pray especially for __________ , and all those whom we
name in our hearts. Lord, in your mercy. Hear...
A: That the children in our church school may be grounded for
Christian living in learning the stories of your wondrous acts, and of
our Saviour, Christ Jesus. Grant our children a sense of their own
call into your family. Lord, in your mercy. Hear...
P: Send now your Holy Spirit into our hearts, that we may live lives
worthy of you. We pray in the name of your Son, whom you called
beloved, Jesus Christ. Amen.
Or
Presider or deacon
As we celebrate the baptism of Christ, let us offer prayers to God
who washes us in the blood of the Lamb.
Deacon or other leader
By the baptism of the Son of God in the river Jordan.
For N our bishop and the presbyters, for the deacons and all
who minister in Christ, and for all the holy people of God.
For NN our catechumen(s) and for their families and sponsors.
For all who seek Christ, and for the conversion of the whole human
race.
For mercy, peace, and justice throughout the world.
For all those in danger and need: the sick and the suffering, the
hungry and the oppressed, and those in prison.
For the dying and the dead.
For our deliverance from all affliction, strife, and need.
Remembering the blessed Virgin Mary, N, and all the saints, let
us offer ourselves and one another o the living God through Christ.
To you, O Lord.
Presider
Holy One of Israel, who breathed across the waters of creation,
accept the prayers we offer on this joyful feast, lead us by your
Spirit through water and blood, and quench our thirst at the table of
your Son. Glory to you for ever.
Notes
[1] John L.
McKenzie, Second Isaiah: Introduction, Translation, and Notes.
Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1968, p. 50.
[2] John D. W.
Watts, Isaiah 34-66. Waco, Texas: Word Books, 1987, p. 129.
[3]
Ibid., p. 348.
[4] M. Ottoson, “hekhal,”
Theological Dictionary of the
Old Testament, (ed. by G. Johannes Botterweck and Helmer
Ringgren). Vol. III. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans
Publishing Company, 1978, p. 383.
[5] In the King
James version the word is translated “unicorn,” both here and in Psalm
92:10 based on the LXX translation. One liturgical writer suggested
that, since the unicorn is an imaginary animal the image means
imaginary threats in Psalm 92:10, but the translation in LXX is faulty
and in any case probably meant a rhinoceros rather than the mythical
unicorn.
[6] Kraus,
ibid., p. 351.
[7] Hans-Joachim
Kraus, Psalms 1-59: A Commentary.
Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House, 1988, p. 346.
[8] Mitchell
Dahood, Psalms I: Introduction, Translation, and Notes. Garden
City, New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1966, p. 175.
[9] Bruce Malina &
Richard L. Rohrbaugh, Social Science Commentary on the Synoptic
Gospels. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1992, p. 304.
[10]
http://www.worship.on.ca/text/rclc0001.txt
[11]
http://www.worship.on.ca/text/inter_c.txt
[12]
http://members.cox.net/oplater/prayer.htm
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