Some congregations may observe the
Festival of All Saints on the Sunday following November 1. A
text study for All Saints Day is provided as a separate
commentary.
November 2, 2000
Prayer of the Day
Stir up, O Lord, the wills of your faithful people to seek
more eagerly the help you offer, that, at the last, they may enjoy the
fruit of salvation; through our Lord Jesus Christ.
Deuteronomy 6:1-9
{1] Now this is the
commandment--the statutes and the ordinances--that the LORD your God
charged me to teach you to observe in the land that you are about to
cross into and occupy, {2} so that you and your children and
your children's children, may fear the LORD your God all the days of
your life, and keep all his decrees and his commandments that I am
commanding you, so that your days may be long. {3} Hear
therefore, O Israel, and observe them diligently, so that it may go
well with you, and so that you may multiply greatly in a land flowing
with milk and honey, as the LORD, the God of your ancestors, has
promised you. {4} Hear, O Israel: The LORD is our God, the LORD
alone. {5} You shall love the LORD your God with all your
heart, and with all your soul, and with all your might. {6}
Keep these words that I am commanding you today in your heart. {7}
Recite them to your children and talk about them when you are at
home and when you are away, when you lie down and when you rise.
{8} Bind them as a sign on your hand, fix them as an emblem on
your forehead, {9} and write them on the doorposts of your
house and on your gates.
1-3: A continuation of the exhortations to keep
the statutes and ordinances, including the Decalogue, which Moses
delivered to the people in chapters 4 and 5.
4. Hear, O Israel: The Lord is our God, the Lord alone: The
translation seeks to make sense of a Hebrew noun sentence by
introducing the verbal form "is." The sentence is not supposed to make
sense, but to convey the singularity of Yahweh, beyond the power of
mere words to express. This is the Shema, the fundamental creed
of Israel, the declaration of the awesome solitariness of Yahweh, who
by his own creative act brings Israel into his presence, and allows
her to speak the words "our God" without censure.
5-9: "Verses 4-9 are not themselves a sermon but one single
appeal, although expressed in a great variety of ways, a chain of very
forceful imperatives, prefacing the subsequent sermons in order to
draw attention to their unique importance." [1]
You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all
your soul, and with all your might: Heart, the center of thought,
soul, the spiritual center of humans, and might, the physical
component are all to be focused on "love" toward Yahweh. Love here is
something beyond those feelings of affection or attachment we may feel
for spouse, children, family or friends. It is submission to and
loyalty toward one with whom you are linked in covenant. A covenant
person is related to God who made covenant with him/her, and also with
all others who are related to him/her in covenant by love.
Bind them…fix them…write them: "Probably we still have to do
here with a figurative mode of expression, which was then later
understood literally and led to the use of the so-called
phylacteries." [2]
Psalm 119:1-8
{1} Happy are those
whose way is blameless, who walk in the law of the LORD. {2}
Happy are those who keep his decrees, who seek him with their whole
heart, {3} who also do no wrong, but walk in his ways. {4}
You have commanded your precepts to be kept diligently. {5}
O that my ways may be steadfast in keeping your statutes! {6}
Then I shall not be put to shame, having my eyes fixed on all your
commandments. {7} I will praise you with an upright heart, when
I learn your righteous ordinances. {8} I will observe your
statutes; do not utterly forsake me.
Psalm 119, the longest of
all the Psalms, is an alphabetic Psalm with 8 verses beginning with
each letter of the Hebrew alphabet. It is not liturgical poetry, but
an artificial composition which develops a distinctive "Torah piety."
Motifs and literary structures from many kinds of Psalms can be
identified. The felicitation "happy," is a wisdom motif, verses 5-6
contain a petition characteristic of an individual lament. In verse 7
there is the beginning of a song of thanksgiving. [3]
1. Happy: A wisdom term, "happy," "blessed."
2. with their whole heart: The Deuteronomic exhortation to love
Yahweh with all your heart… brings blessing.
8. do not utterly forsake me: The poet prays that God will be
among those who are described as "happy" because Yahweh will not
forsake him/her.
As a celebration of obedience Yahweh’s Torah these
verses are a fitting response to the first lesson.
Hebrews 9:11-14
{11} But when Christ
came as a high priest of the good things that have come, then through
the greater and perfect tent (not made with hands, that is, not of
this creation), {12} he entered once for all into the Holy
Place, not with the blood of goats and calves, but with his own blood,
thus obtaining eternal redemption. {13} For if the blood of
goats and bulls, with the sprinkling of the ashes of a heifer,
sanctifies those who have been defiled so that their flesh is
purified, {14} how much more will the blood of Christ, who
through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God,
purify our conscience from dead works to worship the living God!
11-12: The figure of Christ as high priest is
accompanied by places and things having to do with the priesthood,
metaphors of the tent, the Holy Place, the blood of sacrifices, the
ashes of a heifer.
13-14. if the blood of goats and bulls…how much more will
the blood of Christ: This is reasoning "from lesser to greater."
If it is assumed that Christ is greater than a goat or a bull, whose
blood makes one holy, then his blood is that much more effective in
purifying our consciences.
13. the ashes of a heifer: This was an ancient recipe for the
preparation of "the water for cleansing," by which impurity caused by
contact with a dead body could be purified (Numbers 19:1-22). That
impurity was contracted through dealing with a dead body, even when
all was done according to the appropriate rituals.
dead works: Dead works are not just works that are without
value because they are ineffectual. As a dead body imparts an impurity
that separates one from God and from the community, so "dead works"
make a person impure. Christ does not replace ineffectual dead works
with worship of the living God, he cleanses the impurity such dead
works, even those done in accordance with God’s will and intention,
communicate.
Mark 12:28-34
{28} One of the scribes
came near and heard them disputing with one another, and seeing that
he answered them well, he asked him, "Which commandment is the first
of all?" {29} Jesus answered, "The first is, 'Hear, O Israel:
the Lord our God, the Lord is one; {30} you shall love the Lord
your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all
your mind, and with all your strength.' {31} The second is
this, 'You shall love your neighbor as yourself.' There is no other
commandment greater than these." {32} Then the scribe said to
him, "You are right, Teacher; you have truly said that 'he is one, and
besides him there is no other'; {33} and 'to love him with all
the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength,'
and 'to love one's neighbor as oneself,'--this is much more important
than all whole burnt offerings and sacrifices." {34} When Jesus
saw that he answered wisely, he said to him, "You are not far from the
kingdom of God." After that no one dared to ask him any question.
28 One of the scribes: This person is not a
hostile questioner, like the chief Priests, elders, scribes,
Pharisees, Herodians, and Sadducees in the narratives immediately
preceding (11:27-12:27). He acknowledges the correctness of Jesus’
answer, expands on it, and is, in turn, commended by Jesus for his
wisdom (verses 32-34).
30-31. you shall love the Lord your God…you shall love your
neighbor: Given the strong "group orientation" of the people of
the New Testament, the word "love," which indicates the affection one
may feel for another person, or God, instead indicates the attachment
one has to other persons and to God. "Thus ‘to love God with all one’s
heart…’ means total attachment to the exclusion of other deities; ‘to
love one’s neighbor as oneself’ is attachment to the people in one’s
neighborhood as to one’s own family…." [4]
32. You are right, Teacher, you have truly said…: By
acknowledging that Jesus was correct the scribe recognizes Jesus’
honor as an interpreter of the law.
32a-34: Further, by expanding the Jesus’ response the scribe
asserts his own authority as an interpreter of the law, which Jesus,
in turn, accepts.
34. no one dared to ask him any question: "The outcome of this
series of challenges put to Jesus in the Temple (11:27-12:34…) is such
a substantial grant of honor that his elite opponents no longer dare
to ask him any questions." [5]
Reflection
The law was given to Israel by
Yahweh so that by keeping them the people would prosper and multiply.
Those who love the Yahweh with all their physical, mental and
spiritual being will blessed and Yahweh will be with them. Jesus said
that the law was first love to God and then love the one’s neighbor,
and he agreed with the scribe that this was more important than all
offerings and sacrifices. It is not that sacrifices and offering or
works of generosity and kindness are ineffectual and therefore vain.
Such good works are good, and they even make purification within the
earthly sphere. But Christ makes purification on a different level by
offering himself for our eternal redemption. Loving God and loving the
neighbor as yourself is now possible on a level not envisioned before.
Hymns [6]
With One Voice (e.g. 762v), Hymnal Supplement
1991 (e.g. 725s) and LBW (e.g. 32).
E=Entrance; D=Hymn of the Day; I=First Lesson, P=Psalm;
II=Second Lesson; G=Gospel
155 --E--Praise the Savior,
486 --D--Spirit of God,
692v --I--For All the Faithful
539 --P--Praise the Almighty
|
202 --II--Victim Divine, Your
325 --G--Lord, Thee I
491 --G--O God, I Love
411, 424, 744s, 502
|
Prayers of the People [7]
We praise you O God for your
marvellous provision in Christ Jesus, our high priest for all time to
come. Jesus calls upon the scribe and us to love you with all heart,
soul, mind and strength. He puts the flesh of our neighbour and the
flesh of our own being on the command to love. In our weakness we do
not know how to love as we ought. Teach us, God of love hear our
prayer.
We praise and thank you for those who
strive for peace in our world. Bless their endeavours that the
senseless killing might cease, that the earth may be cleared of
landmines and that we may concentrate our thinking, our planning and
our energy on caring for one another. Bless those who have served us
in war in the struggle to stop oppression. God of love hear our
prayer.
Or [8]
Presider or deacon
Let us call upon God through Jesus Christ our high priest, who
offered his blood for the sins of all.
Deacon or other leader
For this holy gathering, and for the people of God in every place.
For all peoples and their leaders, and for justice and equity in the
world.
For good weather, abundant fruits of the earth, and peaceful times.
For the sick and the suffering, travelers and prisoners, and the dying
and dead.
For our families and neighbors and for all the people of our city.
Lifting our voices with all creation, let us offer ourselves and one
another to the living God through Christ.
To you, O Lord.
Presider
God of Israel, who set forth your commandments for all your
children, hear the prayers we offer this day and purify our
consciences to worship the living God, through Jesus Christ our Lord.
Notes
[1] Gerhard von Rad, Deuteronomy: A
Commentary. Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1966, p. 63.
[2] Ibid.,
p. 64.
[3] Hans-Joachim
Kraus, Psalms 60-150: A Commentary. Minneapolis: Augsburg,
1989, p. 414.
[4] Bruce J. Malina and Richard L. Rohrbaugh,
Social-Science Commentary on the Synoptic Gospels, Minneapolis:
Fortress Press, 1992, p. 259.
[5] Ibid., pp.
258f.
[6]
http://www.worship.on.ca/text/rclb9900.txt
[7]
http://www.worship.on.ca/text/pray_b2.txt
[8]
http://members.cox.net/oplater/prayer.htm
|
|